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Earthquakes and volcanoes occur because of the gases present inside the Earth, under high pressure. These gases issue from the fire that burns inside the core of the Earth. The gases rush but cannot find an exit, so the Earth surface will tremble and quake, and the severity of this quaking is related to the degree of that pressure. But when there is much of the liquefied materials in the core of the Earth, they will try to get out, and when the crust of the Earth yields, then the volcano will erupt.
The earthquake may be followed by a cleavage, so that an area of the earth at that site cleaves down. When the cleavage is deep, then the water-springs will emerge and will flood that cleavage (or depression); the water may increase in amount until it will cover all that area.
In ancient times, God -be exalted – destroyed many of the disbelieving nations by earthquakes, cleavages and volcanoes, because of their disbelieving. Among those were Lot’s people whom God -be exalted – destroyed by earthquake and cleavage, so that their country became a lake due to the large amounts of water which covered that cleavage. The lake is still present nowadays; it is called the ‘Dead Sea’, or the ‘Lake of Lot’s people’, which is found nowadays in Palestine.
Among those disbelieving people also, were Salih’s people and Shuaib’s people, whom God -be exalted – destroyed by the earthquakes. God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 7: 77-78
ÝóÚóÞóÑõæÇ ÇáäøÇÞøÉó æ ÚóÊóæÇ Úóäú ÃãúÑö ÑóÈøöåöãú æ ÞÇáõæÇ íÇ ÕÇáöÍõ ÇÆúÊöäÇ ÈöãÇ ÊóÚöÏõäÇ Åäú ßõäúÊó ãöäó ÇáúãõÑúÓóáöíäó .
ÝóÃóÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøóÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýí ÏÇÑöåöãú ÌÇËöãöíäó .
The explanation: (77-Then they [: Salih’s people] hamstrung [and slaughtered] the she-camel*, and rebelled against the commandment of their Lord, and said: ‘O Salih, bring upon us [the punishment] with which you are threatening us, if you [indeed] are a messenger [of God.]’
78- So the [earth-]quake seized them, and in the morning they were fallen prostrate [: dead under the wreck] in their habitations.)
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[*The she-camel was the miracle of Prophet Salih. She drank their water for one whole day, and provided them with milk sufficient for all of them.]
About Shuaib’s people, God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 7: 90-91
æ ÞÇáó Çáúãóáà ÇáøÐíäó ßóÝóÑõæÇ ãöäú Þóæúãöåö áóÆöäú ÇÊøóÈóÚúÊõãú ÔõÚóíúÈÇð Åäøßõãú ÅÐÇð áóÎÇÓöÑõæäó .
ÝóÃÎóÐóÊúåõãõ ÇáÑøÌúÝóÉõ ÝóÃÕúÈóÍõæÇ Ýí ÏÇÑöåöãú ÌÇËöãöíäó .
The explanation: (And the chieftains of his people, who were disbelieving, said: if you follow Shuaib, then truly you shall lose. So the [earth-] quake seized them, and morning found them prostrate [: dead] in their habitation.)
In the present time, a large number of people have been destroyed by the earthquakes, cleavages and volcanoes.
Examples:
(1) Spain was afflicted by earthquake at 1884, when seven hundred houses were destroyed in Granada, and more than 2000 persons died.
(2) Japan was afflicted by earthquake at 1891, so that more than 4000 houses were collapsed, and more than 8000 persons died.
(3) In the year 1894, water flooded some areas in Japan, because of the earthquake, and that led to the drowning of thousands of people.
(4) In the year 1902, Keshinger of Turkistan was quaked, so that about three thousand persons died.
(5) In the year 1908, Messina defile in Italy was quaked so it was ruined. In addition to that, Missina in Sicily and Rigio in Italy were destroyed [by earthquake], causing the death of thousands of people, while other thousands became without any shelter.
(6) A terrible earthquake occurred in Japan, on 3/ Sept./ 1923, which was a true disaster that afflicted the country, when the mountains were shaken, then the seas flooded and the houses were collapsed upon them. Finally, Yokohama city was ruined; and Tokyo the beautiful capital was burnt with fire. In Yokohama alone, more than one thousand persons were killed, other than those killed in Tokyo.
(7) The Ahram newspaper mentioned on Sunday, the 26th. /July 1930, under the title of :
“The Earthquake Disaster in Italy
“ The news, received today from the earthquake areas, indicated the widespread effect of the disaster and its great damages; for the houses in 18 districts were destroyed: in the states of Avellino, Bari, Nenivo, Comboyosho, Foggia, Naples and Shalerno. There are 142 towns afflicted by much damage; the official news indicated that the number of those killed was about 1883, but unfortunately this number will increase as much as more corpses are being taken from under the wreck. This work is being carried out slowly, due to the large number of damaged and collapsed houses, and because of the bad condition of roads and transport in some areas. There are houses, severely damaged so that they are liable to fall down every now and then, as did it happen to the building of Molveno prison, from which the prisoners were transported to Foggia.
Duke Drust and Dukest Yoel arrived at Avellino to visit the afflicted places. The king, too, traveled yesterday from Konea, and crossed – at afternoon by a special train – the region of Foggia. After being acquainted about the recent news regarding the condition of the damaged districts, he continued his journey to Mulphy. His visit was encouraging to the citizens there; and their meeting with him was so impressive.
The government will meet to discuss the essential measures that should be undertaken in such circumstances.”
--Rome, on 26th./July (From the correspondent reporter of the Ahram newspaper) :
“ It is estimated – according to the news coming from the areas ruined by the earthquake – that 2142 individuals were killed and 4551 injured. The search must be carried on in the afflicted regions which they couldn’t search because of the bad weather and because of the difficulty of communications; therefore, the final figures of the damage and losses will be much greater than what has been already mentioned, and still it cannot be exactly estimated.
Till now, there is a large number of destroyed houses; but, moreover, there are more houses in need of wrecking. It is decided that those, who escaped the earthquake, should not dwell in wood huts but in tents, to await for the reconstruction of their houses which were damaged by the earthquake.”
-- Rome, on 27th./July (From the correspondent reporter of the Ahram newspaper):
“A new disaster has afflicted Italy, while it is still suffering from her calamity at Naples; for a violent storm has arisen at Milan, Venice and Trevisia district; afflicting them with much damage. The number of those killed in Trevisia district alone were 22, and the injured were more than 100. The communications were disconnected between the afflicted and other areas. It is impossible to estimate the number of the victims and the destroyed houses; actually, the damage which afflicted Milan and Venice was tremendous.”
[ The following incidents and observations are collected by the translator:
8- Later on, many earthquakes happened, in different parts of the world, with destructive consequences on people and their houses and property; of these were:
a- the coast of Chile in 1960. Casualties included about 5,700 killed and 3,000 injured, and property damage amounted to many millions of dollars. Seismic sea waves excited by the earthquake caused death and destruction in Hawaii, Japan, and the Pacific coast of the United States.
b- On March 27, 1964, a great earthquake with a Richter magnitude 8.3–8.5 (see below) occurred in south central Alaska. . It released at least twice as much energy as the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and was felt on land over an area of almost 1,300,000 square kilometers. The death toll was only 131 because of the low density of the state's population, but property damage was very high. The earthquake tilted an area of at least 120,000 square kilometers. Landmasses were thrust up locally as high as 25 meters to the east of a line extending northeastward from Kodiak Island through the western part of Prince William Sound. To the west, land sank as much as 2.5 meters. Extensive damage in coastal areas resulted from submarine landslides and tsunamis. Tsunami damage occurred as far away as Crescent City, Calif. The occurrence of tens of thousands of aftershocks indicates that the region of faulting extended about 1,000 kilometers.
c- The coal-mining and industrial city of T'ang-shan, about 110 kilometers to the east of Peking, was almost deleted in the tragic earthquake of July 28, 1976. The death toll exceeded 240,000 persons, and probably some other 500,000 were injured. Most persons were killed during their sleep after the collapse of the houses that were not reinforced in construction.
d- Mexico
The main shock occurred at 7:18 AM on Sept. 19, 1985. The cause was a fault slip along the Benioff zone (a band of intermediate- and deep-earthquake foci along a planar dipping zone) under the Pacific coast of Mexico. Although 400 kilometers from the epicenter, Mexico City suffered major building damage and more than 10,000 of its inhabitants were reported killed. The highest intensity was in the central city, which is founded on a former lake bed. The ground motion there measured five times that in the outlying districts, which have different soil foundations.
e- There were successive earthquakes following just after the latest total eclipse of the sun. These earthquakes occurred in the same zone of the shadow of the total eclipse of the sun. - the translator.]
These incidents, we think, are sufficient examples of the great harm of earthquakes, whether to persons, buildings or cities. In this instance, we mention His saying -be exalted - in the Quran, 16: 118
( æ ãÇ ÙóáóãúäÇåõãú æ áßöäú ßÇäõæÇ ÃäúÝõÓóåõãú íóÙúáöãõæäó )
The explanation: (We did not wrong them, but they were wont to wrong their own selves.)
And God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 11: 117
(æ ãÇ ßÇäó ÑóÈøõßó áöíõåúáößó ÇáÞõÑì ÈöÙõáúãò æ ÃåúáõåÇ ãõÕúáöÍõæäó.)
The explanation: (Nor would your Lord [O Mohammed] destroy the cities unjustly when their people being reformers [acting righteously.] )
The volcano erupts from a crack in the earth crust, which bursts so that the stones, molten lava, gases and liquids come out from it; these will collect on the earth surface to form a cone-shaped mountain, which is usually high, with a crater at its top; this crater reaches actually down to the core of the earth. There may be more than one crater for the volcano; e.g. Athens volcano has more than 80 craters.
The cause of the eruption of the volcano is the great heat present in the core of the earth; that heat which melts the materials, causes the evaporation of water, converts the solid into liquid and the liquid into vapors and gases, so that these substances will expand because of the heat, till they break the crust of the earth, and find an exit to emerge to the outside.
The liquid materials, gases and lava will be thrown from the core of the earth to a great height, then those vapors will convert into a heavy rain, which may become a great flood that overwhelms the country; as it once happened in Sicily.
When the volcano erupts, we hear a loud crepitating and crackle in the atmosphere and inside the earth, and some loud sounds like the thunder. Then big masses of stones will be thrown up, fire will inflame and people will be terrified.
The amounts of lava, ejected by the volcano eruption are beyond imagination; e.g. :
(1) The lava that came out from Tempo volcano in Java, in the year 1815 covered the sea surface within a circle with a diameter of about 200 miles. This is sufficient to cover all Italy with a layer of lava of about two and a half feet high.
(2) Vesuvius volcano erupted in Italy, in the year 79 BC, so it covered the two cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
(3) A volcano erupted also in Kerketna island near Java, between it and Sumatra; it destroyed all the island except a small remaining part.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 6:65
(Þõáú åõæó ÇáÞÇÏöÑõ Úóáì Ãäú íóÈúÚóËó Úóáóíúßõãú ÚóÐÇÈÇð ãöäú ÝóæúÞößõãú Ãæú ãöäú ÊóÍúÊö ÃÑúÌõáößõãú Ãæú íóáúÈöÓóßõãú ÔöíóÚÇð æ íõÐöíÞó ÈóÚúÖóßõãú ÈóÇÓó ÈóÚúÖò ÃõäúÙõÑú ßóíúÝó äõÕóÑøöÝõ ÇáÂíÇÊö áóÚóáøóåõãú íóÝúÞóåõæäó .)
The explanation: (Say: He is the All-Able to send forth upon you [, associaters,] chastisement from above you or from under your feet, or to confuse you in sects and to make you suffer of the violence of one another. Behold [, O Mohammed,] how We turn about the revelations; haply that they may understand.)
The explanation:
- (to send forth upon you [, associaters,] chastisement from above you) means: meteorites, thunderbolts, meteors and comets; because these come from above.
- (or from under your feet) means: the earthquake, the cleavage, the volcano and the drowning [in the flood]; because these come from under their feet.
- (or to confuse you in sects and to make you suffer of the violence of one another.) He means by that the division and hostility among them and wars; e.g. the two world wars which caused the death of millions of people.
This is a story of a volcano which erupted in the year 1943, as detailed in the Reader’s Digest magazine, the Arabic edition, Jan. 1944:
“Michoacán Volcano
Duenezeo Poledo is a freed slave farmer; he bought a small farm in the state of Michoacan, some 180 miles to the west of the New Mexico city.
On Saturday evening of the 20th./ Feb./ 1943, he had completed the cultivation of his land and stopped to rest for a while. Suddenly, he saw a pillar of whitish smoke ascending from inside the middle of his land, twisting up like a snake, about 50-60 cubits from him.
Many strange events were taking place the whole of that day; for early in the morning, the land quaked violently, then – during cultivation – he felt the soil more hot to his bare feet than usual, then – after all – came that strange smoke. But when he proceeded to see what it was, he heard a crackling, like the sound heard when the cork of a large bottle is unlocked.
Afterwards, that pillar of smoke became thicker and rose up in the sky, so Deunezeo ran back – amid the crops – to take his wife. But Poledo’s family never saw their land again; because while Deunezeo was hurrying his astonished and worried wife to come, there came a violent earthquake that was recorded by the specific instruments at New York 2250 miles away.
Deunezeo saw, after regaining his consciousness and getting up from under the wreck of his collapsed hut, he saw the crops of maize burning while big stones and tons of soil were thrown up in the sky.
Poledo’s family, then found their way with difficulty, through a land shaking under their feet towards the nearby Paricutin village, but they found it destroyed. The road was crowded with terrified people running for safety; blankets and sheets were mixed up with other clothes; the luggage were heaped on the carriages, while the priest was calling the strong men to rescue the statue. Paricutin village has never been veiled by night once again; because the volcano, which previously was the farm of Deunezeo Poledo, by now was lightening the area by its flame, in addition to the thick suffocating smoke of sulfur vapors. The fire flames were rushing in the air, and large amounts of rocks, whitened by the severe heat, were continuously thrown up for one thousand feet in the air. Simultaneously, there were many violent explosions by which the earth quaked and trembled. The loud sound and noise was uninterrupted as if there were hundreds of guns fired simultaneously. This is according to the report of the official agencies.
The grey clouds of ash, fire and black particles reached the surfaces of houses at New Mexico city, some 180 miles away.
But following that was a very great terror; for in the third night, the volcano cone was cleft; it was a big hot mass like the red hyacinth (or ruby), and it delivered its first lava stream (i.e. molten rocks and metals); it got out boiling from the earth core, as if thousands of ovens, for melting iron, were burst altogether, swept away from the edges and flowed on the sides in a rushing stream of twenty feet depth, and two hundred feet breadth; it was gradually converting from very bright white to deep red, while it was flowing through the valley, carrying inevitable death to everything in its way.
Officers, geologists, reporters and photographers hastened to the afflicted valley to Deunezeo’s farm over the lava crust which had, by that time, started to solidify, after covering the Paricutin village; they approached to the fire curtain surrounding the hell of that farm, and stayed there for many days, studying this strange event; that is the birth of the first volcano in the western hemisphere since the year 1795.
Following the birth of this volcano, its activity somewhat diminished in six periods; each period was followed by a violent explosion that terrified the remote villages. The sixth time was on the 10th./ June, when ‘Paricutin’ - which is now the name of the volcano – cut a new large cup, some hundred feet from the first cup, and it threw another stream of molten lava in another valley. The stream initially flew one thousand feet a day, but it enlarged, and one month later it enlarged further more, until the speed of its flowing
lessened to not more than ten feet a day. These two valleys have now been buried under thick layers of lava, volcanic rocks and ash, while Paricutin volcano itself have become 1200 feet above the level of the plane from which it had erupted, and its width at its base is three quarters of a mile.
When I flight to see the volcano, I observed the destruction caused by the volcano within a distance of 75 miles from it; the black ash now covers what were before some green valleys and viable mountainous sides; but now the gardens and farms are removed; the buildings and churches are buried; so that you cannot see anything other than few of their towers; and many water springs diminished and receded, while the Cobatzio river became a river of slowly flowing mud.
Then you will see a huge pillar of smoke twisting as it ascends up from the cone of the volcano, which reached incredible height of 20000 feet.
Every four seconds are followed by throwing in the air of new amounts of smoke and tons of rocks roaring in the space; and a huge stream of red hot lava will erupt to reach a height of 1000 feet, then it pours down along the edge of the cone running in two tunnels. I closed the windows of the airplane to avoid the extreme heat and the rushing hot rocks, but that did not prevent the suffocating sulfur smoke (sulfur dioxide gas) from getting in, which will force you to cough. Actually, the rushing smoke, the rushing rocks (some of them being bigger than the airplane itself) and the flaming lava; all these will make you catch your breath from fear and terror, when the plane gets near to the volcano on its way to land.
We landed in Uruapan: some twenty miles from the volcano. This village has been covered by a thick layer of volcanic ash, which becomes a sticky emulsion when the rain falls down on it. There are many ceilings started to yield under the heaviness of the ash collecting over them, which is collecting more rapidly than the farmers capability to remove.
About 500 persons come daily to observe the volcano; they crowd in the Paricutin region, that has officially become a site of tourism. Buses ran to the Uruapan village, but its road - specially the terminal ten miles – is in continuous need for cleaning from the ash that covers it. Tourists will then go by car or on mules to the borders stated by the government to be the borders of a safety area around the volcano, about one mile from the circumference of its base.
At the periphery of this region, there is a village called ‘St. Juan Village’, beyond which there is nothing save ash, lava, thunder and wilderness. The Mexican government is certainly convinced that the ‘St. Juan Village’ will, inevitably, be destroyed; they tried to encourage its inhabitants to migrate therefrom, but they refused, in spite of that they are obliged to struggle against the ash and dust day and night; because they gain large amounts of money, which they had never gained like it before. They gain this money by preparing - for tourists- the food, mules and horses, and by working as the guides and translators.
In the region of about one hundred square miles around the volcano, there is nothing green and not any leaf or grass. Fifty miles away from the volcano, the viable plants have become dry, and nothing lives there except the resistant kinds of the plant, like some trees.
The disaster damaged seven villages, while some others were harmed so that the plant dried in a land which once was very fertile; sparrows may fall still down from the air, and water may rarely be found because the water springs dried up or diminished.
The Minister of Relief sent a team of doctors, nurses and social workers to seek for eight thousand individuals that the erupted volcano had driven them away from their land.
The end has not come yet; for there isn’t any indication that the activity of the Paricutin volcano is declining, but on the contrary, the violent eruptions are successively throwing large amounts of hot rocks in the air, which then fall down on the cone of the volcano, so that it becomes higher and higher, and the rate of its increase indicates that the substance erupting from its interior did not diminish ; because the lava is still rushing in the air, then it falls down and flows on its sides. Actually, at night, it looks like a ‘fire-fall’ [compared to a water-fall.] The Mexicans say that ‘the hell is still free.’
So this is the story of this volcano, as it is mentioned in the Reader’s Digest magazine – the Arabic edition.
Sun is a flaming spherical object, that rotates around itself from right to left, and completes its rotation within 25 days and 5 hours. They discovered its rotation from certain spots on its surface; for they saw these spots moving from right to left and after 25 days and 5 hours they reach their initial position. Therefore, they realized that the sun rotates around itself and completes its rotation within this time.
Astronomers estimated the volume of the Sun to be larger than the Earth by more than one million times, but it is contracting as time passes; its heat is gradually decreasing, and its surface is cooling down, so its volume has decreased; for it has become an old one, and its end has approached.
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It is narrated that Prophet Mohammed – peace be on him – said that “Hell will go on saying: ‘Is there any more [of disbelievers and wrongdoers, to consume them; because it is very big] until the Lord of Glory and Might lets time and ages pass, after which it will shrink.’ ” The meaning: until long time elapses, so that it will be an old sun, then it will shrink and its surface will cool, and a crust will form.
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The Sun is an attracting object for the planets and their satellites, i.e. the moons and the meteorites. All of these are called the ‘Solar System.’ The sun is stationary (relative to the planets) while the planets revolve around it. The sun originally was a star, then it pulled to it – by gravitation – some of the meteoritic rocks, so that it became a sun; because it started to grow and enlarge by the meteorites pulled to it by gravitation, i.e. it was a star then it became a sun.
Its life will come to an end, exactly as has the life of the previous suns finished*, when its light will decrease, and its surface will cool within a period of two thousand years, so that it will be an earth, then it will burst and become nineteen pieces, which will be attracted by gravitation to the nearest sun to them. Those pieces will become new planets, after the complete cooling of their surfaces, and those new planets will revolve around the new sun. Then God – be exalted – will create, on these planets, many living creatures, and they will be some inhabited earths just like our Earth.
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* It is mentioned in the Holy Gospel according to St. Matthew, chapter 24:
“And immediately after the tribulation of those days, the sun shall be darkened and the moon shall not give her light and the stars shall fall down from heaven and the powers of heaven shall be moved.” [The exact word in the origin means: the power of heaven shall be disturbed or weakened.] It means: the gravitation shall be weakened.
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And so on: whenever the life of certain planets comes to an end, they will be destroyed and another group of planets will be created instead of them.
The meteorites, too, will be destroyed and become minute particles scattered in the space, and the remaining of the meteorites will be pulled to the sun by gravitation.
In this way, the universe is going on: whenever a solar system is destroyed, another solar system will issue instead of the previous one.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 81:1
(ÅÐÇ ÇáÔøãúÓõ ßõæøöÑóÊú )
The explanation: (When the sun shall be ‘divided into many spheres’.)
The explanation: It will be cut up and converted into many globes, i.e. spherical planets. [This also is the meaning of the word in the Arabs poetry, some of which is mentioned by the late Mohammed-Ali Hassan, the interpreter of the Quran and the Bible, in his Arabic book.]
[It means: when the sun is broken up into many spheres, the Doomsday will take place.]
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 14: 48
( íóæúãó ÊõÈóÏøóáõ ÇáÃÑúÖõ ÛóíúÑó ÇáÃÑúÖö æ ÇáÓøãÇæÇÊõ æ ÈóÑóÒõæÇ ááåö ÇáæÇÍöÏö ÇáÞóåøÇÑö .)
The explanation: (On the day when the earth shall be exchanged by another earth, and the heavens too; and [all] shall come forth unto God, the One, the Irresistible.)
The ‘earth’, here, means all of the earths.
The interpretation: The day when the Earth, that has been destroyed and become planets, will be exchanged by another earth instead of the previous one, and this, in turn, will become planets also. That is our Sun; when its life will come to an end, it will burst and become planets.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 74: 26-30
(ÓóÃõÕúáöíåö ÓóÞóÑó . æ ãÇ ÃÏúÑÇßó ãÇ ÓóÞóÑõ ¿ áÇ ÊõÈúÞöí æ áÇ ÊóÐóÑõ . áóæøÇÍóÉñ áöáúÈóÔóÑö . ÚóáóíúåÇ ÊöÓúÚóÉó ÚóÔóÑó .)
The explanation: (26- I shall surely roast him in Saqar.
27- But can you imagine what Saqar is!?
28-It does not leave [anyone]; It does not spare [anything.]
29-It is [nowadays] looming to mankind.
30-Imposed on it [the attraction of] nineteen [planets.] )
The explanation: ‘Saqar’ is the new sun, that appears after the explosion of our Sun, and it is Hell into which disbelievers will be punished and will suffer, that is on the Day of Judgment.
--( It is [nowadays] looming to mankind.) It means: It looms to people nowadays, from faraway; means: People, today, see it in the form of a small star because it is far from them.
--( Imposed on it [the attraction of] nineteen [planets.] ) means: Upon it is the burden of the gravitation of nineteen objects, because when our Sun will burst, it will become nineteen pieces which will be attracted by the gravitation of ‘Saqar’.
God – be highly exalted – said also in the Quran, 74:35
(ÅäøåÇ áÅÍúÏóì ÇáßõÈóÑö )
The explanation: ( [That] surely [Saqar] is one of the greatest [suns.] ) It means: Saqar is one of the large volume suns.
God – be highly exalted – said also in the Quran, 87: 11-12
(æ íóÊóÌóäøóÈõåÇ ÇáÃÔúÞóì . ÇáøÐí íóÕúáì ÇáäøÇÑó ÇáßõÈúÑóì .)
The explanation: (11- But the most-wretched shall flout the [admonition,]
12- He who shall roast in the great fire.)
The ‘great fire’, here, is Saqar; because it is bigger than our present Sun.
Question 1: If we look at the Sun disc at sun-rise, we shall see it four times bigger that at noon-time. The same is observed at sun-set (also it appears bigger); what is the reason for that ?
Answer: When the sun rises, its rays are horizontal to start with, and for this reason we see it bigger; because its rays are directed to the sky, and as the Earth rotates more, and the day proceeds on, the direction of its rays changes and becomes vertical on the Earth; therefore, we see it small. The same will explain its big size at the time of sunset.
The following is an experiment that proves what I say: Take a glass and fill it with water, then put a coin in its bottom, then if you look at the coin from the top of the glass, you will see it as it is; but if you look at it from the side of the glass, you will see it bigger; and on the same basis, we can explain the observation of the Sun at the time of sun-rise and sun-set.
Question 2: Why do we feel the heat of the sun at the time of sun-rise and sun-set to be less than other day times ?
Answer: The same reason, which makes the sun to appear bigger at the time of the sun-rise and sun-set, is the same reason that makes us feel its heat to be less in these two periods of the day; because the sun rays are horizontal towards the sky; therefore, a small part of its heat reaches us; but at noon-time its rays are vertical towards the ground, and so we feel it more hot.
Question 3: Why is the heat from the sun in summer more severe, while it is little in winter time ?
Answer: The reason for the first and second observations is the reason for the third one also; for the sun rays in summer are vertical towards the earth, so that the heat will be directed to the ground; but in winter they are horizontal, and the heat is directed to the sky, so that the earth will not obtain except a little amount of this heat; and for this reason the seasons are formed.
Question 4: You say that Sun is stationary, and that the Earth revolves around it, together with the rest of the planets; then what is the explanation of His saying -be exalted - in the Quran, 36: 38
(æ ÇáÔøãúÓõ ÊóÌúÑöí áöãõÓúÊóÞóÑøò áóåÇ Ðáßó ÊóÞúÏöíÑõ ÇáÚóÒöíÒö ÇáÚóáöíãö)
The explanation: ( And the sun – it runs to a fixed resting place; such [perfection] is the ordaining of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing.)
Some of the saints (or imams) read this Quranic revelation another reading, that is :
(æ ÇáÔøãúÓõ ÊóÌúÑöí áÇ ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøó áóåÇ ...)
The explanation: ( And the sun [goes on] running, and has no resting place …)
The interpretation: It will not stop moving even if it breaks up; because in such instance, it will become planets, which will rotate around themselves and around the new sun, and no rest from moving will be for them even if their Doomsday takes place; because if they are broken up, they will become numerous meteorites, and there will be no rest from movement for the meteorites; because they will revolve around the planets until they will be completely destroyed and become dust particles in the space.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 25: 76 ; describing the dwellers of Paradise:
(ÎÇáöÏöíäó ÝöíåÇ ÍóÓõäóÊú ãõÓúÊóÞóÑøÇð æ ãõÞÇãÇð )
The explanation: (Abiding therein forever. Happy indeed will it be [as] a settlement [or resting place] and [as] an abode.)
The interpretation: The ãÓÊóÞóÑ means the ‘resting place’, and the ãõÞÇã means the ‘abode’ or the place where they dwell; and The explanation: They are happy in Paradise in their rest and their dwelling. So this is the meaning of ( and has no resting place)
But if we consider the external or apparent meaning of this Quranic revelation, then it means that the sun revolves around a certain star which is stationary and bigger than it, so it attracts the sun by gravitation. This is His saying -be exalted –
(æ ÇáÔøãúÓõ ÊóÌúÑöí áöãõÓúÊóÞóÑøò áóåÇ)
i.e. ( And the sun – it runs to a fixed resting place) means: It moves and revolves around a stationary star which does not move, but it attracts the sun by gravitation.
Astronomers have discovered that the sun together with its satellites revolve around a stationary star, much bigger than it, which is situated in the ‘Pleiades’, around which it completes its revolution within a period of thirty years.
Question 5: What is meant by His saying -be exalted - in the Quran, 18: 86
(ÍóÊøì ÅÐÇ ÈóáóÛó ãóÛúÑöÈó ÇáÔøãúÓö æóÌóÏóåÇ ÊóÛúÑõÈõ Ýí Úóíúäò ÍóãöÆóÉò æ æóÌóÏó ÚöäúÏóåÇ ÞóæúãÇð )
The explanation: (Until when he reached at sun-set [time], he found it setting under the observation of a black woman, and he found with her a people.)
(ÞõáúäÇ íÇ ÐÇ ÇáÞóÑúäóíúäö ÅãøÇ Ãäú ÊõÚóÐøöÈó æ ÅãøÇ Ãäú ÊóÊøóÎöÐó Ýöíåöã ÍõÓúäÇð )
The explanation: (We said, “O Zul-qarnain, you have either to punish or to show them kindness.) ?
Answer: When Alexander of Macedon* reached the West, i.e. to Abyssinia, he found
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[*He is ‘Alexander the Great’, who is called ‘Zul-qarnain’; i.e. the ‘man with two horns’; died at Babylon; learned under the instructions of Aristotle. He became the king of Macedonia after Philip, his father. He determined to conquer the Persian Empire, and he overcame them in Asia Minor at Apsos at 334BC, then at the shores of Greece (after besieging it for seven months,) then at Egypt (where he founded Alexandria city.) Finally, he attacked Darius in Iraq and overcame him at Arbela, at 331BC. Then he continued his march to the boundaries of Persia, and went farther to the banks of the Indus River.
‘Zul-qarnain’ was one of the bravest and greatest warriors and champions. Prophet Daniel foretold or prophesied about him, before his birth; that is in the Hebrew Bible [which is included in the Old Testament], Book of Daniel, chapter 8: that he saw [in a vision] a ram with two long horns, pressing with them against the west and against the north and against the south: and no beasts could withstand him nor be delivered of his hand: and he did according to his own will and become great. And for this reason, he was called ‘Zul-qarnain’, i.e. the man with two horns.]
………………………………………………………….
the citizens of that country worshipping the sun, so that they gathered outside the city at the time of sun-set, looked to the sun and sung their religious songs, and when it was about to set down and disappear from sight behind the horizon, they would kneel down and adore the sun, all of them. They had a black queen in front of them, who led them in prayer, and they imitated her prayer to the sun.
The interpretation:
-- (Until when he) i.e. Alexander (reached)
-- (at sun-set [time] ) means: He arrived, at that place, at the time of sun-set.
-- (he found it setting under the observation of a black woman) means: He found a black woman watching the sun, while it was setting. That woman was a queen; and her people were assembling with her.
The meaning: Alexander found a people worshipping the sun at its setting; they had a queen leading them in prayer to the sun; she was adoring and kneeling down to the sun; so that her people were imitating her, and doing the same as was their queen doing.
In Arabic, the word Úíä was misinterpreted as the ‘water-spring’; while, actually, it means the ‘watching and observation’; as is it mentioned in many instances in the Quran and in the Arab poetry. Examples:
(1) God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 11: 37
(æ ÇÕúäóÚö ÇáÝõáúßó ÈöÃÚúíõäöäÇ æ æóÍúíöäÇ )
The explanation: (But build the Ark under Our observation and as We instruct you by revelation.)
(2) God – be highly exalted - said in the Quran, 54:14
(ÊóÌúÑöí ÈöÃÚúíõäöäÇ ÌóÒÇÁð áöãóäú ßÇäó ßõÝöÑó )
The explanation: (Which ran [upon the water,] in Our sight, as a reward for him that was rejected ) i.e. under Our watching and observation.
(3) God - be exalted – said also in the Quran, 52: 48
(æ ÇÕúÈöÑú áöÍõßúãö ÑóÈøößó ÝóÅäøóßó ÈöÃÚúíõäöäÇ æ ÓóÈøöÍú ÈöÍóãúÏö ÑóÈøößó Íöäó ÊóÞõæãõ )
The explanation: (So forbear patiently to the commandment of your Lord: for surely you [Mohammed] are under Our observation. And celebrate the praises of your Lord, when you rise up [from sleep.] )
His saying -be exalted - ÝóÅäøóßó ÈöÃÚúíõäöäÇ i.e. (for surely you [Mohammed] are under Our observation.) means: under Our observation and watching. [The actual Arabic word may lit. mean “Our eyes”.]
[Now we continue the interpretation of the Quranic revelation 18: 87-88]
-- (and he found with her a people.) means: Alexander found, with the black woman, a people doing exactly as was she doing, and imitating her in her worship.
-- (We said, “O Zul-qarnain); this is the surname or the title of Alexander.
-- (you have either to punish) these people who are worshipping the sun, if they do not believe in God and resign or submit themselves to Him.
-- (or to show them kindness) if they believe and obey Our order.
Here, the Úíä in Arabic means the watching, and it does not mean a water-spring. The proof of this lies in His saying -be exalted - in the Quran, 18: 91
(ÍóÊøì ÅÐÇ ÈóáóÛó ãóØúáöÚó ÇáÔøãúÓö æóÌóÏóåÇ ÊóØúáõÚõ Úóáóì Þóæúãò áóãú äóÌúÚóáú áóåõãú ãöäú ÏõæäöåÇ ÓöÊúÑÇð )
The explanation: (Until when he reached at sun-rising [time], he found it rise upon a people for whom We made no shelter therefrom.)
So, if the Úíä meant a water-spring, then God –be exalted – would say: ‘he found it rise from a water-spring!’ But the meaning is: He found it set down for a people having such a description; and rise upon a people having such a description.
Therefore, God - be exalted – meant by that to describe the people, and not to describe the sun.
[ This also is the meaning of the word in the Arabs poetry, some of which is mentioned by the late Mohammed-Ali Hassan, the interpreter of the Quran and the Bible, in his Arabic book.]
Question 6: Are there, in the space, suns other than our sun ?
Answer: There is a large number of suns, but because of their far distances from us, we can only see them as stars.
Question 7: Then there must be planets that revolve around them just as that our sun has its terrestrial planets!
Answer: They have no planets, because they are not impregnated; and in the universe, there is no solar system other than our solar system, but when it will be destroyed, another solar system will issue instead of it, just like our sun, which appeared instead of the previous one.
Question 8: Is there any impregnation for suns ?
Answer: The impregnation or pollination of the sun is by pulling to it an earthy piece, like a meteorite or some of the broken up moons and planets, then that swallowed piece will start to grow and get bigger and bigger, until that sun will become a solid object after being a gaseous one; because that piece will become as a nucleus for that sun, so that the particles of the sun substance will collect around it, until its substance will cool and it will become an earth that will burst and become planets.
Therefore, a sun which is not impregnated, will remain as a gaseous object like the rest of the stars; just like the flower which will not become a fruit unless after its impregnation or pollination.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 51: 49
(æ ãöäú ßõáøö ÔóíúÁò ÎóáóÞúäÇ ÒóæúÌóíúäö áóÚóáøóßõãú ÊóÐóßøóÑõæäó )
The explanation: (And of every thing have We created two spouses, that you may reflect.)
The first (or the oldest) earth, that God -be exalted – created, was a small one; because it was impregnated or pollinated from the particles when it was a sun; and when its life ended, it was broken up, and was attracted by the gravitation of the sun nearest to it, which, in turn, was impregnated by its rocks. The third sun drew, by its gravitation, rocks from the first and second suns. The fourth sun obtained rocks from the second and the third; and in this way our Sun is the ninth sun.
Therefore, the oldest or the first earth was a small one; the second was bigger, because it pulled more rocks, while the third was still more bigger, and in this way, the earths get more and more in growth and increment, until our earth [i.e. the previous sun] became nine planets after its Doomsday and explosion; that is because of its big volume; because it pulled rocks and meteorites more than the previous suns. Our Sun will become nineteen planets when its life will end; and that is because of its large volume.
Then the succeeding sun will be bigger than our Sun. For this reason, God – be celebrated His praise – said in the Quran, 74: 35, describing it:
(ÅäøåÇ áÅÍúÏì ÇáßõÈóÑö )
The explanation: ( [That] surely [Saqar] is one of the greatest [suns.] ) It means: It is one of the greatest suns in volume [and mass.]
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 2: 24
(ÝóÅäú áóãú ÊóÝúÚóáõæÇ æ áóäú ÊóÝúÚóáõæÇ ÝóÇÊøóÞõæÇ ÇáäøÇÑó ÇáøÊöí æóÞõæÏõåÇ ÇáäøÇÓõ æ ÇáÍöÌÇÑóÉõ ÃõÚöÏøóÊú áöáúßÇÝöÑöíäó )
The explanation: (But if you do it not, and you shall surely do it not, then ward off the Fire, whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for disbelievers.)
The explanation:
The ‘Fire’ is one of the suns, which is also called ‘Saqar’, and it is that which will attract [the parts of] our Sun, after the explosion of the latter.
-- (whose fuel is men and stones) means: the rocks of meteorites; because the sun pulls them to it by its gravitation.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 66: 6
(íÇ ÃíøõåÇ ÇáøÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÞõæÇ ÃäúÝõÓóßõãú æ Ãåúáöíßõãú äÇÑÇð æóÞõæÏõåÇ ÇáäøÇÓõ æ ÇáÍöÌÇÑóÉõ ÚóáóíúåÇ ãóáÇÆßóÉñ ÛöáÇÙñ ÔöÏÇÏñ áÇ íóÚúÕõæäó Çááåó ãÇ ÃãóÑóåõãú æ íóÝúÚóáõæäó ãÇ íõÄúãóÑõæäó )
The explanation: (O believers, protect yourselves and your families from a Fire, the fuel of which is men and stones, on which are [appointed for punishment] angels stout[-hearted: showing no mercy to disbelievers] and stern [- in seizing and chastising disbelievers], who never disobey God in [dragging disbelievers by chains to Hell] that He commands them, but they carry out [the chastisement with] which they are commanded.)
The ‘stones’ means the rocks of meteorites.
Question 9: God – be highly exalted – said in the Quran, 41: 37
(áÇ ÊóÓúÌõÏõæÇ áöáÔøãúÓö æ áÇ áöáÞóãóÑö æ ÇÓúÌõÏõæÇ ááåö ÇáøÐí ÎóáóÞóåõäøó Åäú ßõäúÊõãú ÅíøÇåõ ÊóÚúÈõÏõæäó )
The explanation: (Do not prostrate yourselves [in adoration] to the sun nor the moon, but prostrate yourselves to God Who created them [all], if [truly] Him [alone] you do serve.)
Then why did He -be exalted – say ÎóáóÞóåõäøó i.e. (created them [all] ) in plural in Arabic, while they are two ?[In Arabic there are three language forms: singular, two or twine, and plural.]
Answer:
-- (Do not prostrate yourselves [in adoration] to the sun nor the moon) means the kind of the sun, and the kind of the moon. It means: Do not prostrate yourselves in adoration to any sun, nor to any moon. In fact, God -be exalted – mentioned each of the sun and the moon in singular; because the inhabitants of the Earth have only one moon and they see one sun only. The interpretation of this Quranic revelation will be as follows:
Do not prostrate yourselves in adoration to the sun that you see, nor to the moon that you see, but adore God Who created all suns and moons, if indeed you worship and serve Him alone, and none apart from Him.
Comets are those known publicly as the ‘Tailed Stars’. They are some flaming fiery objects, floating in the space. Their origin is from the sun; i.e. they are sparks fallen out of the sun, then they started roaming in the space. They do not rotate around themselves as do hot spherical objects usually do, but they move roaming in the space; and they are oblong objects.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 77: 32-34
(ÅäøåÇ ÊóÑúãöí ÈöÔóÑóÑò ßóÇáÞóÕúÑö . ßóÃäøåõ ÌöãÇáóÊñ ÕõÝúÑñ . æóíúáñ íóæúãóÆÐò áöáãõßóÐøöÈöíäó . )
The explanation: (32- It [:Hell] shoots sparks like the castle.
33- As it might be yellow thick ropes [of ships.]
34- Woe, on that day, to the deniers [of the Judgment Day.] )
The explanation:
-- (It) means: Hell, and Hell is the sun,
-- (shoots sparks like the castle) means: the size of each one of these sparks which Hell throws out in the space is like the size of one of some large constructed palaces; and its sparks, actually, are the comets. For this reason God -be exalted – said ßóÃäøåõ ÌöãÇáóÊñ ÕõÝúÑñ i.e. (As it might be yellow thick ropes [of ships.] ); i.e. like the yellow stays of ships. Originally it is ÌöãÇáÇÊ in plural in Arabic; this is indicated by the form of writing it in the Quran; this may be proved by His saying -be exalted - ÔÑóÑ i.e. sparks in plural, and He did not mention it in singular; this may also be proved by His saying ÕõÝúÑñ in plural, and He did not mention it in singular. The word ÌöãÇáóÊñ means the ropes of the ship; for God -be exalted – simulated the long tails of comets to the [long thick yellow] ropes of the ship.
Comets, in the Quran, are mentioned by the Arabic word äÌã i.e. ‘star’; God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 86: 1-3
(æ ÇáÓøãÇÁö æ ÇáØøÇÑöÞö . æ ãÇ ÃÏúÑÇßó ãÇ ÇáØøÇÑöÞõ . ÇáäøÌúãõ ÇáËøÇÞöÈõ .)
The explanation: (1- [I swear] by the sky [of Nineveh] and [its] ‘night visitant’!
2-But can you imagine what a ‘night visitant’ [that was!?]
3-It was the [tailed-]star with sharp brilliancy [: the flaming comet.] )
It means: the flaming comet.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 56: 75
(ÝóáÇ ÃõÞúÓöãõ ÈöãóæÇÞöÚö ÇáäøÌõæãö )
The explanation: (But, no! I swear by the [multiple] fallings of the stars! )
God means by that: the falling down of comets; and this is a threatening oath.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 53: 1
(æ ÇáäøÌúãö ÅÐÇ åóæóì . ãÇ Öóáøó ÕÇÍöÈõßõãú æ ãÇ Ûóæóì .)
The explanation: (1- By the comet when it will fall down [upon the earth!]
2- Your comrade [Mohammed] has not misled, neither has he seduced [anyone away from the right way.] )
The meaning: By the comet when it falls down upon the Earth! The answer of the oath is (Your comrade [Mohammed] has not misled, neither has he seduced [anyone away from the right way.] )
God – celebrated be His praise - said in the Quran, 77: 8
(ÝóÅÐÇ ÇáäøõÌõæãõ ØõãöÓóÊú )
The explanation: (So when the [tailed-]stars [:the comets] are immersed [in the earth.] )
The explanation: When comets are immersed inside the earth and will disappear inside it; because they will fall upon the earth when Doomsday gets very near; because the heat of the earth will finish, so it will be exposed to the falling of comets down upon it.
God - be exalted - said in the Quran, 81: 15-16
(ÝóáÇ ÃõÞúÓöãõ ÈöÇáÎõäøÓö . ÇáÌóæÇÑö ÇáßõäøÓö )
The explanation: (15- But [should] I swear by [the comets] that are [now] slinking back!
16- The moving along, the swept [in the future] into their dens!)
This means the comets; because, nowadays, they are invisible to our sight, and they are going to be swept to the earth just before Doomsday; i.e. they will resort to the earth, and hide inside it; and they are ‘the moving along’, which are moving today, roaming in the space, without any refuge or resort.
God -be exalted – destroyed many nations, of infidels and disbelievers, by comets, and threatened Quraish, the tribe of Prophet Mohammed, by the falling of comets down upon the earth in the terminal time of the World [i.e. just before Doomsday.]
Ancient nations knew about this fact, and were afraid of its occurrence; because they saw the comets by their own eyes, and their fathers told them about it.
The following is quoted from the Arabic edition of the Reader’s Digest magazine, no. 24, Aug. 1945:
“ The Day when the Comet struck the Earth Surface
Herbert Rafael Mass – summarized from Sat. Evening Post magazine:
“Scientists believe that a huge fire ball struck the earth, some thousands of years ago. This, too, is possible to happen again.
Some people deny the idea of the comet completely; they try to attribute the craters, which are seen on the earth surface, in the plain of the eastern American beach, to some other possibilities. But large number of geologists, astronomers and astrogeologists think that the comet did come. It came, as they believe, from the western-north, some thousands of years ago, when a big fire ball with a flaming tail appeared above the middle of Canada. When it was above the Northern Dakota and Minnesota states, it was larger than the full moon; but when crossing the sky of Illinois, it was a flaming terror in the space, while the hot compressed air was preceding it, eating away the trees of the forests as if they were match sticks.
The ball proceeded rapidly, burning the green plains of America, and melting away the rocks of the mountains. While it was rushing with a speed of 144 000 miles per hour, the gravitational force of the earth pulled it, so that it approached gradually to the earth surface until it struck it, between Virginia state and the middle of Georgia state, and it might have been immersed or dipped few miles inside the earth, which was quaked by its strike.
This comet was not a single hard mass of metal and rocks, but it was a group of meteorites; the volume of some of them was larger than a palace building by three or four times. All the group was nearly of a spherical shape with an area of at least about 400 miles.
Suppose that all guns and plane-bombs that had been fired by people, were collectively and simultaneously fired, then it might be equal in severity to that hell which that comet had burnt. That comet killed the living beings so that none of them remained, except few, in a large area, which – nowadays – includes South and North Carolina states, Georgia, Eastern Tennessee, Kentucky and the southern part of Virginia states.
No doubt, that the affliction with this calamity was tremendous in an area of land larger than the first mentioned area; and it extended, in the north, to Quebec district in Canada; and in the south, to Kansas state. If a man sees such a great strike, then he may imagine, while dying, that it is the Doomsday, and that the end of the world has come. We can only imagine to hear and see that damage which would impair the hearing and confuse the sight: successive roaring of destructive thunder; rising up flames of fire and curtains of smoke and pebbles rushing in the air. But when that strange roaring would stop and the dust clouds clear away gradually, we would find the surface of the quaking earth wounded and burnt; where nothing remained alive and mobile on it, but only the pillars of smoke and vapors rising up from many large craters, in which the fragments of that comet settled there like fire brands; that comet whose life had ended.
If scientists are right in their hypothesis according to the available information, then surely that event was the most horrible calamity that had ever occurred, and its indicative signs are present upon the earth surface. What are these indicative marks?
They are thousands of craters, on the earth surface, which are oval-shaped pits, regularly arranged, in an area with a diameter of about eighty miles: from Virginia state to part of Georgia, and neighboring the Atlantic Ocean beach, about 20 - 40 miles away from it.
These depressed craters, called the ‘gulfs’, remained unknown until a day came when an officer in a team for land surveying by the airplane, displayed to two scientists a collection of photographs.
The purpose of taking these photographs was to know the site of trees for cutting, but they made it clear that these depressions, which are similar to volcano craters, have parallel long axes and that their direction is from north-west to south-east, so that the sand, which was pushed by bombardments, collected edges at the south-east borders.
This was extremely strange, and made the two scientists: Dr. F. Melton and Dr. William Shriffs to visit that area at the first opportunity, and following a detailed research, they suggested the theory of the comet at 1933. Their respectful research was published in the Geology magazine, and it was a matter of conversation and dispute among the scientists of this century.
The deniers of the comet theory said that these gulfs might be formed from the effect of winds and water, or they might be some lakes which had dried up.
The reader may be astonished and may deny the idea of a comet that came roaring from the space, then it dug these craters; but consider that which happened to the farmer Seminof and the shepherd Lukhtikan:
In the morning of June 30, 1908, at 7 am, while the farmer Seminof was sitting in the balcony of his house, in the northern parts of middle Siberia; he suddenly saw in the north a flaming object with somewhat bluish coloration, larger than the sun disc, traversing the space, then it fell in the planes of Siberia, between the two rivers of Elinissy and Allina, so it ran in the space where a pillar of light fell.
In spite of that this light was about fifty miles away from his house, the heat was so extensive to let the farmer Seminof feel his clothes about to burn. After a while, he heard a violent explosion followed by a violent blast of air came that threw Seminof out of his balcony, so he fell unconscious, while his house collapsed.
On the other hand, in the site of that strange light, the shepherd Lukhtikan was driving to the pasture a herd of 1500 deer, and Lukhtikan’s herd was stricken just before Seminof was stricken too by the same hot air; so that all the herd perished and nothing of it was found except few burnt bodies.
Four hundred miles away, the Siberian Railways men saw suddenly a glowing in the northern-east, then the train started to shake vigorously; therefore, they stopped it to avoid its deviation from the line.
At Arkonsik city, five hundred miles away, the barometer instrument recorded an air wave; while the sensitive barometer at Keo observatory in England, 4000 miles away, recorded waves in the air.
Years passed by, and the event was nearly forgotten; but at 1927, Professor L. Kolick, leading a team of scientists, went to that remote district where the light pillar had risen in the air, where he found a depression, not very deep, extending over an area of two miles. In that depression, there was what indicated that something had violently pushed the sand to the edge of the depression, as if there was a big stone thrown into thick mud, and its successive rings were still visible to the eye.
Inside that depression, he found two hundred craters, the diameters of which vary from one to fifty cubits. Every tree within that depression was destroyed; and 15-20 miles around the depression, there were thousands of fallen trees, scattered from the centre in a fan-shaped pattern. Evidently, a strong object had stricken the Earth in that centre.
Kolick found also that what had stricken the earth there was a group of meteorites, preceded by a wave of hot air, as if a mighty compressor had forced it forwards, so that it had dug that depression, and turned to break the trees of the forests as if the hand of a mighty giant had stricken them, so they fell down to the ground. This is the same wave that had stricken the herd of Lukhtikan and all the alive beings in that area.
Mankind were very lucky on that day of the year 1908; for if the comet had fallen on New York or Paris instead of falling on an uninhabited area, then that could have been one of the great disasters in the history.
Undoubtedly, that event was caused by a comet; for on the 30th. of June 1908, the Earth globe was near to the orbit of the Boins-Wink comet. It seems that the big comet that had fallen on Siberia was part of it.
‘Hoo Pee’, a Red Indian tribe, narrate a traditional tale that the ‘Great Spirit’ descended, once, to the earth from his high settling-place, surrounded by fire and thunder, and it then entered the inside of the earth. Moreover, they will lead you to the pit into which that ‘spirit’ entered; it is a large depression in Arizona desert about one mile wide, and 1300 feet deep, while its edge is 125-660 feet higher than the level of the surrounding place. So, there it struck the earth, somewhat less than five thousand years ago, that was another comet, bigger than the Siberia comet.
That comet was a mass of iron and nickel; its weight might be more than one million tons, and its speed might be 40 miles/ second , when it came down inclining over Utah and struck Arizona state. The description of its roaring and shaking might be very difficult, but that was strong enough to push it 2400 feet into the hard rock that was ground like a powder.
Some other small objects, falling upon the earth, which may be worth mentioning, are those like the Cape York comet; it weighs 36 Tons, which was brought by the Admiral Barry, the discoverer of the North Pole.
It may be easy to realize and believe about such [comets and meteorites], and that which happened at Arizona and Siberia; but it is difficult to imagine the disaster that quake America, if it is right that the gulfs of Carolina were craters dug out by the large pieces of a broken up star or comet.
The comet which struck Arizona dug out a pit of one mile width; and the group of objects which struck Siberia dug out two hundred pits, the width of some of them was fifty cubits; but some of the gulfs on the American beach have a width of two and a half miles, a length of three or four miles, and they are –not many hundreds – but many thousands in number, scattered over an area of about 40,000 square miles. Therefore, if the cause is the strike of a comet on the earth, then it will be a calamity that cannot be compared to what happened at Siberia and Arizona.
One day, I surveyed some of the gulfs in a region assigned by the Air Force as a military training center for bombardment; the bombs caused some pits, in the ground, of 40 feet width; these pits were not more than some moles over a land having many craters, the width of some of them was about 10 000 feet. In this great difference is a terrible example; for there may be, in the depth of the space beyond the stars, some mysterious powers that have become angry because of the conduct of this human being to destroy himself; and it may tell him, one day, ‘O dwarf, leave all this. Now let Us teach you how the destruction and ruining can be!’
This is what has been published in the magazine.”
Question: What is meant by His saying -be exalted - in the Quran, 86: 1-4
(æ ÇáÓøãÇÁö æ ÇáØøÇÑöÞö . æ ãÇ ÃÏúÑÇßó ãÇ ÇáØøÇÑöÞõ . ÇáäøÌúãõ ÇáËøÇÞöÈõ .Åäú ßõáøõ äóÝúÓò áóãøÇ ÚóáóíúåÇ ÍÇÝöÙñ .)
The explanation: (1- [I swear] by the sky [of Nineveh] and [its] ‘night visitant’!
2-But can you imagine what a ‘night visitant’ [that was!?]
3-It was the [tailed-]star of sharp brilliancy [: the flaming comet.]
4-There will not be [an angel] for every soul to guard it [when the punishment will come.] ) ?
Answer: The interpretation:
([I swear] by the sky): This is an oath by the sky, and it was the sky of Nineveh [: Mosul city in Iraq,]
(and [its] ‘night visitant’!) means that which passes in a road at night; this is an oath by the thing that passed in the sky of Nineveh at night,
(But can you imagine what a ‘night visitant’ [that was!?] ) This gives an idea about how dangerous was that thing.
Then, God –be celebrated His praise – explained about that thing and said: ÇáäøÌúãõ ÇáËøÇÞöÈõ i.e. (It was the [tailed-]star of sharp brilliancy [: the flaming comet.] )
[This also is the meaning of the words, of this Quranic revelation, in the Arabs poetry, some of which i